Functional voice disorders:

Hoarseness occurs due to overuse of the vocal muscles and/or misuse.

Organic voice disorders:

There is an organic finding diagnosed by the physician. For example: vocal fold nodules, vocal fold edema/edge edema, vocal fold polyps, vocal fold cysts, voice disorders following surgical procedures. (e.g. after tumor removal)

Neurological voice disorder.

Vocalization is restricted due to a neuroligical disease. Causes can be a stroke, ALS, spasmodic dysphonia or Parkinson's disease.

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Speech disorders can have muscular, neurological and organic causes. (e.g. after operations)

- articulation disorders (phonetic disorder) such as lisping

- After tumor surgery or muscular trauma

- Due to neurological diseases: Stroke, Parkinson's disease and ALS

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- Myofunctional disorders (= visceral swallowing pattern)

- Swallowing disorders after surgical procedures on the throat, tongue or larynx

- Swallowing disorders in neurological diseases: Stroke, Parkinson's disease and ALS

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Respiratory therapy for the following disorders:

- Long Covid
- Asthma
- COPD
- After lung surgery
- For neurological disorders

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